Gas and fees

Gas works exactly as it does on Ethereum: every operation costs gas, and the fee is gas used multiplied by the gas price.

Minimum gas price is zero

The network's minimum-gas-prices is 0aknyx. Validators accept transactions at a zero price, so transactions on this testnet are effectively free.

That makes experimenting cheap, but it also means your library's gas estimation may suggest a price of zero. That is expected here and would not be on a network with a non-zero floor.

Typical costs

Operation	Gas
Native KNYX transfer	21,000
ERC-20 transfer	~35,000
AMM swap	~120,000–200,000
Add liquidity	~160,000–250,000
Contract deployment	Varies with size

These are observed values from real transactions on this chain. An actual bridge payout of native KNYX used exactly 21,000 gas, and an ERC-20 payout used 34,527.

Estimating

const estimate = await contract.someMethod.estimateGas(...args);
const tx = await contract.someMethod(...args, {
  gasLimit: estimate * 12n / 10n,     // 20% headroom
});

Adding headroom matters when a call's cost depends on state that may change between estimation and execution — a swap crossing a different amount of liquidity, for example.

Why a transaction fails

Error	Cause
insufficient funds	Balance below value plus gas cost
execution reverted	The contract rejected the call; the reason string usually says why
nonce too low	A transaction with that nonce already landed
replacement transaction underpriced	Replacing a pending transaction needs a higher gas price
Gas estimation fails	The call would revert. Estimation simulates first, so this is a real failure surfacing early

When estimation fails, the revert reason is the useful part — read it rather than raising the gas limit, which will not help.

See Troubleshooting for protocol-specific errors from the AMM and the bridge.